増田有華さんを応援しながら英語学習+α

増田有華ファンが英語学習に悪戦苦闘する日記

茂木健一郎著『最強英語脳を作る』を読みながら(1/3)

キーワードを検索して,コピペしてみました。

Mindset

これについては,MINDSET にて,この本に書かれているレベルのことはすべてわかりますわ。


Silent period

これについては,British CouncilのTeachingEnglsihから,

The silent period hypothesis is the idea that when a language is learned, 
there should be a period in which the learner is not expected to actively 
produce any language. 
This is based on observations of a listening period in infants 
when they learn a first language.

Example 

When learners begin to study a new language, they can go through 
a silent period where they are exposed to sufficient comprehensible input 
to allow them to begin to acquire language.

In the classroom 

Common classroom techniques can address the needs of learners 
in a silent period, e.g. listening comprehension and vocabulary input. 
There are also methodologies which explicitly incorporate a silent period, 
such as Total Physical Response and the Natural Approach.
 
同様に,Comprehensible inputについても,

Comprehensible input is language input that can be understood by listeners 
despite them not understanding all the words and structures in it. 
It is described as one level above that of the learners 
if it can only just be understood. 
According to Krashen's theory of language acquisition, 
giving learners this kind of input helps them acquire language naturally, 
rather than learn it consciously.

Example 

The teacher selects a reading text for upper-intermediate level learners 
that is from a lower advanced level course book. 
Based on what the teacher knows about the learners, the teacher believes 
that this will give them 'comprehensible input' to help them acquire more language.

In the classroom 

Trying to understand language slightly above their level encourages learners 
to use natural learning strategies such as guessing words from context and 
inferring meaning. 
As the example suggests, a teacher needs to know the level of the learners 
very well in order to select comprehensible input, and in a large class of 
mixed ability, different learners will need different texts.


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